Browse Items (299 total)

Numerian ruled in conjunction with his father Carus, controlling the Eastern provinces while Carus’ older son, Carinus, ruled the west. After some initial military success, Carus and Numerian waged a war against the Persians. They captured the…

Philip I is often referred to as Philip the Arab because his father was a leader and Roman citizen in the province of Arabia. Philip I held a high rank in the Praetorian Guard before he was hailed as Caesar, and it is mostly agreed that he had his…

From a noble Roman family, Valerian held many important positions in the city of Rome, including Censor and Princeps Senatus, before he was declared Emperor in 253 CE. His son, Gallienus, was declared co-emperor and sent to the west to look after…

Maximian was raised to the status of co-emperor under Diocletian, being the first member of the tetrarchy system of rule started by Diocletian. Maximian ruled over the west while Diocletian remained in control of the eastern Empire. Both Diocletian…

From a noble Roman family, Valerian held many important positions in the city of Rome, including Censor and Princeps Senatus, before he was declared Emperor in 253 CE. His son, Gallienus, was declared co-emperor and sent to the west to look after…

This coin is likely from the reign of one of Constantine's children. The REVERSE, with VOT XX MULT XXX (the emperor vows to rule for 20 years and will renew for another 30), is found on the REVERSE of coins issued by Constantine I, Constans,…

Maurice was appointed by Tiberius II to be his successor and he married Tiberius II’s daughter, Constantina. A successful general, he halted the advance of the Sassanid Persians, and for the first time in nearly two hundred years, the Romans no…

Victorinus was consul under Postumus in 267 CE. After the death of Postumus, Victorinus was hailed as emperor by his troops who then moved against a rival, Marius, in 269 CE. Marius was soon defeated; regardless, Victorinus was murdered not long…

Tetricus is unique in the age of emperors who kill for power and are then killed for the same in return. After the death of Victorinus in 271 CE, Tetricus was called upon by Victorinus’ mother, Vitruvia (possibly Victoria), to take the throne. He…

Theodora was the second wife of Constantius I, father of Constantine the Great. (Constantine’s mother was Constantius I’s first wife, Helena, who is now considered a saint by the Roman Catholic Church). Theodora was also the (step?) daughter of…