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                  <text>Ancient Coins at the Hallie Ford Museum of Art</text>
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                  <text>The entire collection of coins found at Hallie Ford Museum of Arts.</text>
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                  <text>A guide to the ancient coins collection at the Hallie Ford Museum of Art.    </text>
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                  <text>Gifts of James and Aneta McIntyre&#13;
&#13;
Information about the coins was found in these resources:&#13;
&#13;
Cohen, Henry, René Cagnat, and James C. Egbert. Latin Epigraphy II: The Coin Inscriptions and Epigraphical Abbreviations of Imperial Rome. Chicago: Ares, 1978. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Hannestad, Niels. Roman Art and Imperial Policy. Århus C [Denmark: Aarhus UP, 1988. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Klawans, Zander H. An Outline of Ancient Greek Coins. Racine, WI: Whitman Pub., 1959. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Knorr, Ortwin. "Catalogue of the McIntyre Collection of Greek and Roman Coins." Classics: Ancient Coins in the HFMA. Willamette University, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, n.d. Web. 05 Aug. 2013. &lt;http://www.willamette.edu/cla/classics/resources/hfma/coins.html&gt;.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting II: Numismatic Art of the Greek World. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting III: The Roman World-politics and Propaganda. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sear, David R. Roman Coins and Their Values: The Millennium Edition. London: Spink, 2000. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Whitting, Philip D. Byzantine Coins. New York: Putnam, 1973. Print.</text>
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              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Early Greek- Medieval</text>
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              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                  <text>Hallie Ford Museum of Art</text>
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              <name>Type</name>
              <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Ancient Coins</text>
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              <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                  <text>A selection of these coins are on view in the Mark and Janeth Sponenburgh Gallery at Hallie Ford Museum of Art.  </text>
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      <name>Still Image</name>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Achaemenid, Silver Siglos</text>
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                <text>Achaemenid (Persian) Empire. Silver Siglos, 485-470 BCE. &#13;
OBVERSE: Royal archer running right, quiver on back, holding bow in his left hand and a transverse spear in his right hand.&#13;
REVERSE: Oblong, tooth-shaped incuse mark.</text>
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                <text>This coin was minted during the time of one of the most famous attempts at Persian expansion, around the beginning of the fifth century BCE. The Battle of Marathon, where Darius I attempted to gain control of mainland Greece, is one of the most famous battles in all of Greek history. This battle was a turning point for Greek forces, which eventually won the battle to keep Persia at bay. Darius I died soon after the battle ended and his successor and son, Xerxes I, might have minted these coins to pay for foreign mercenaries in his own invasion of Greece in 481-479 BCE.&#13;
&#13;
This motif of running royal figure was prominent during the whole of the Persian Empire. He is featured with a bow, quiver of arrows, lance, crown and a special garment without sleeves worn by archers. The coin also exhibits an early way of denoting running figures with the so-called Knielauf scheme, or a profile figure running with one knee bent. The figure has been interpreted as the great king Darius I, but is also referred to simply as a “royal figure.” These coins enjoyed a reputation of being made of high quality silver and were some of the best known coins in the ancient world. The Greeks referred to them as toxotai (archers).&#13;
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                <text>Gift of James and Aneta McIntyre, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, Salem, OR. 2006.010.009</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>ca. 485-470 BCE</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Hallie Ford Museum of Art</text>
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                <text>1.600 cm&#13;
5.300 gr</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>Persian</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Coin</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>Darius I royal archer</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>This item can be viewed on the Hallie Ford Museum of Art's website.</text>
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        <name>Darius I</name>
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        <name>Persian</name>
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        <name>royal figure</name>
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        <name>Xerxes</name>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Ancient Coins at the Hallie Ford Museum of Art</text>
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                  <text>The entire collection of coins found at Hallie Ford Museum of Arts.</text>
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                  <text>A guide to the ancient coins collection at the Hallie Ford Museum of Art.    </text>
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                  <text>Gifts of James and Aneta McIntyre&#13;
&#13;
Information about the coins was found in these resources:&#13;
&#13;
Cohen, Henry, René Cagnat, and James C. Egbert. Latin Epigraphy II: The Coin Inscriptions and Epigraphical Abbreviations of Imperial Rome. Chicago: Ares, 1978. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Hannestad, Niels. Roman Art and Imperial Policy. Århus C [Denmark: Aarhus UP, 1988. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Klawans, Zander H. An Outline of Ancient Greek Coins. Racine, WI: Whitman Pub., 1959. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Knorr, Ortwin. "Catalogue of the McIntyre Collection of Greek and Roman Coins." Classics: Ancient Coins in the HFMA. Willamette University, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, n.d. Web. 05 Aug. 2013. &lt;http://www.willamette.edu/cla/classics/resources/hfma/coins.html&gt;.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting II: Numismatic Art of the Greek World. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting III: The Roman World-politics and Propaganda. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sear, David R. Roman Coins and Their Values: The Millennium Edition. London: Spink, 2000. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Whitting, Philip D. Byzantine Coins. New York: Putnam, 1973. Print.</text>
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              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Early Greek- Medieval</text>
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            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="5524">
                  <text>Hallie Ford Museum of Art</text>
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              <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Ancient Coins</text>
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                  <text>A selection of these coins are on view in the Mark and Janeth Sponenburgh Gallery at Hallie Ford Museum of Art.  </text>
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      <name>Still Image</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Tarsus, Cilicia, Silver Stater</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Tarsus, Cilicia (Turkey). Silver Stater, ca. 378-372 BCE. &#13;
OBVERSE: Facing head of a goddess or nymph, inclined to left, wearing a sphendone, multi-pendant necklace, and earrings, all set in dotted border. &#13;
REVERSE: DAMATAS in Aramaic characters. Bearded male head (Ares?) wearing an Attic helmet with three-part crest and movable double visor, facing to the right, set in dotted border. Aramaic inscription in right field: TRKMW, i.e., Tarkamuwa, the Persian satrap known to the Greeks as Damates.</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Damates (ca. 407 - 362 BCE) was the satrap (Persian governor) of both Cappadocia and Cicilia under the Persian Great King Artaxerxes II (405-359 BCE). Proving his worth through many bloody battles, Damates became the most powerful satrap of Artaxerxes. Damates later rebelled and led the great Satrapal revolt. The revolt took almost ten years to quell and Damates was assassinated in 362 BCE.&#13;
&#13;
Before the revolt, around 378 BCE, another satrap, Pharnabazus of Dascylium, was ordered to invade Egypt, which had recently freed itself of Persian rule. Pharnabazus failed around 373 BCE and another order to invade was given to Damates. In order to pay for these expeditions, the two satraps minted nearly identical coins, only distinguishable by the inscription. The woman on the front is clearly inspired by the famous representations of the nymph Arethusa created by the artist Kimon for the coins of Syracuse, but her identity on these coins is a mystery. The back simply shows a helmeted warrior, possibly Ares (god of war). These designs were likely supposed to appeal to the thousands of Greek mercenaries hired during these Egyptian campaigns. </text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Gift of James and Aneta McIntyre, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, Salem, OR. 2006.010.008</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>ca. 378-372 BCE. </text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Hallie Ford Museum of Art</text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>1.070 cm&#13;
21.200 gr</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>Aramaic</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Persian</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>Persian nymph</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>This item is can be viewed on the Hallie Ford Museum of Art's website.</text>
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        <name>Ares</name>
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        <name>Damates</name>
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        <name>nymph</name>
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        <name>Persian</name>
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