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                  <text>Gifts of James and Aneta McIntyre&#13;
&#13;
Information about the coins was found in these resources:&#13;
&#13;
Cohen, Henry, René Cagnat, and James C. Egbert. Latin Epigraphy II: The Coin Inscriptions and Epigraphical Abbreviations of Imperial Rome. Chicago: Ares, 1978. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Hannestad, Niels. Roman Art and Imperial Policy. Århus C [Denmark: Aarhus UP, 1988. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Klawans, Zander H. An Outline of Ancient Greek Coins. Racine, WI: Whitman Pub., 1959. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Knorr, Ortwin. "Catalogue of the McIntyre Collection of Greek and Roman Coins." Classics: Ancient Coins in the HFMA. Willamette University, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, n.d. Web. 05 Aug. 2013. &lt;http://www.willamette.edu/cla/classics/resources/hfma/coins.html&gt;.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting II: Numismatic Art of the Greek World. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting III: The Roman World-politics and Propaganda. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sear, David R. Roman Coins and Their Values: The Millennium Edition. London: Spink, 2000. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Whitting, Philip D. Byzantine Coins. New York: Putnam, 1973. Print.</text>
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                  <text>A selection of these coins are on view in the Mark and Janeth Sponenburgh Gallery at Hallie Ford Museum of Art.  </text>
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                <text>Herakleia, Silver Didrachm</text>
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                <text>Herakleia, Lucania (Italy). Silver Didrachm, 400-330 BCE. &#13;
OBVERSE: Athena in a Corinthian war helmet decorated with crest and Skylla throwing stone. Above helmet worn inscription: “HRAKLHIWN” (Herakleion = "of the Herakleians"). Just behind the curve of the lowest plume is the engraver’s mark "K" .&#13;
REVERSE: Herakles standing naked, facing forward. His left arm is leaning on a club. Floating at his left shoulder is a wine jug (oinochoe). Spread across his right arm is his li</text>
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                <text>Herakleia was founded as an outpost by an alliance of Thurii and Tarentum. Near the destroyed city of Siris, Herakleia is most notable for the place where king Pyrrhus of Epirus defeated a Roman army in the first major battle of the Pyrrhic war, in 280 BCE. &#13;
&#13;
The coinage of this area reflects its divided roots: Athena from Thurii, a colony from Athens; and the Doric hero Herakles on the REVERSE, references Tarentum, a city founded by Dorians from Sparta.&#13;
The Scylla, or water monster, adorning the helmet of Athena may be a pun on the word skyla (war booty) and probably alludes to Athena's role in war and the importance of war booty. </text>
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                <text>Gift of James and Aneta McIntyre, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, Salem, OR. 2006.010.020&#13;
&#13;
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7.600 gr</text>
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                  <text>Gifts of James and Aneta McIntyre&#13;
&#13;
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&#13;
Cohen, Henry, René Cagnat, and James C. Egbert. Latin Epigraphy II: The Coin Inscriptions and Epigraphical Abbreviations of Imperial Rome. Chicago: Ares, 1978. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Hannestad, Niels. Roman Art and Imperial Policy. Århus C [Denmark: Aarhus UP, 1988. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Klawans, Zander H. An Outline of Ancient Greek Coins. Racine, WI: Whitman Pub., 1959. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Knorr, Ortwin. "Catalogue of the McIntyre Collection of Greek and Roman Coins." Classics: Ancient Coins in the HFMA. Willamette University, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, n.d. Web. 05 Aug. 2013. &lt;http://www.willamette.edu/cla/classics/resources/hfma/coins.html&gt;.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting II: Numismatic Art of the Greek World. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting III: The Roman World-politics and Propaganda. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sear, David R. Roman Coins and Their Values: The Millennium Edition. London: Spink, 2000. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Whitting, Philip D. Byzantine Coins. New York: Putnam, 1973. Print.</text>
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                <text>Demetrios II Nikator, Silver Tetradrachm</text>
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                <text>Demetrios II Nikator, First Reign, Silver Tetradrachm, Seleucia on the Tigris mint, 145-138 BCE. &#13;
OBVERSE: Demetrius II in profile, facing right. Diademed head, inset in solid circle. &#13;
REVERSE: Tyche seated on backless throne, cradling a cornucopia in her left arm, holding a scepter in her right hand. The right leg of the throne has the form of a winged Tritoness (snake-bodied nymph). On right side of throne is inscribed "BASILEWS DHMHTRIOY" (= Basileos Demetriou, "of king Demetrios," on the left side "FILADELFOY NIKATOPOS" (= Philadelphou Nikatoros, "friend of his sibling, victor." AYT monogram in exergue.</text>
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                <text>Demetrios II Nikator ascended to the throne at only 14-16 years of age. This coin is from the first years (145-138 BCE) of his relatively long but tumultuous reign. In order to take control of the dwindling Seleucid empire, Demetrios had to overcome a usurper, Alexander I Balas, who had defeated and killed his father, Demetrios I Soter (162-150 BCE). Success only came when Ptolemy VI changed his alliance and gave his daughter, Cleopatra Thea, who was first married to the ursurper, Alexander I Balas, to Demetrios II Nikator along with his military support. &#13;
&#13;
Another usurper, Diodotos Tryphon, was not long behind and, unable to regain control, Demetrios engaged in a different military campaign against the Parthians. He was captured under the reign of Mithradates I and held for nine years until his younger brother, Antiochos VII, who had defeated Diodotos, attacked the Parthian border. Demetrios was released to fight against his brother but Antiochus VII died in battle before any fighting could happen between the brothers. Demetrios was then free to rule his remaining empire (129 BCE), which he did until he was murdered in Tyre in 126 BCE. &#13;
&#13;
Tyche, the personification of good fortune, was a common feature of the Seleucid’s coinage; the founder of the dynasty, Seleucus I Nikator (king from 305-281 BCE), had dedicated a temple to Tyche in his capital, Antioch-on-the-Orontes. The temple housed a famous bronze statue of Tyche by the sculptor Eutychides.</text>
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                <text>2.660 cm&#13;
14.900 gr</text>
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                <text>This item can be viewed on Hallie Ford Museum of Art's website.</text>
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&#13;
Information about the coins was found in these resources:&#13;
&#13;
Cohen, Henry, René Cagnat, and James C. Egbert. Latin Epigraphy II: The Coin Inscriptions and Epigraphical Abbreviations of Imperial Rome. Chicago: Ares, 1978. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Hannestad, Niels. Roman Art and Imperial Policy. Århus C [Denmark: Aarhus UP, 1988. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Klawans, Zander H. An Outline of Ancient Greek Coins. Racine, WI: Whitman Pub., 1959. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Knorr, Ortwin. "Catalogue of the McIntyre Collection of Greek and Roman Coins." Classics: Ancient Coins in the HFMA. Willamette University, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, n.d. Web. 05 Aug. 2013. &lt;http://www.willamette.edu/cla/classics/resources/hfma/coins.html&gt;.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting II: Numismatic Art of the Greek World. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting III: The Roman World-politics and Propaganda. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sear, David R. Roman Coins and Their Values: The Millennium Edition. London: Spink, 2000. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Whitting, Philip D. Byzantine Coins. New York: Putnam, 1973. Print.</text>
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                <text>Julius Caesar, Silver Denarius</text>
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                <text>Julius Caesar, Republican Rome, North African mint (Carthage?), Silver Denarius, 47-46 BCE. &#13;
OBVERSE: Bust of Venus, facing right &#13;
REVERSE: Aeneas carrying his father Anchises over his shoulder and holding a palladium in his right hand, CAESAR inscribed on right.</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;This coin is one of the very first issued by one of the most famous/infamous individuals from the ancient world: Julius Caesar. A powerful senator, consul and military general during the late Roman Republic, Caesar used his military success to maneuver his way into the title of perpetual dictator (&lt;em&gt;dictator perpetuo&lt;/em&gt;) just before his assassination in 44 BCE. Venus was often featured as part of Caesar's building projects, issued coins, and commissioned statues. One his most important building projects was starting the Forum of Caesar in 54 BCE as part of the Roman Forum. The forum included a temple to &lt;em&gt;Venus Genetrix&lt;/em&gt;, or Venus the mother. Caesar claimed that the Julii family descended from Aeneas, the Trojan hero, whose mother was Venus. This connection solidified his claim to power as his family was not only descended from a founder of Rome, but also from a goddess. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; This connection is reiterated by the depiction of Aeneas on the REVERSE of this coin. The myth of Aeneas states that he fled the burning city of Troy carrying his father, Anchises, on his back. The famous tale of Aeneas by Virgil, entitled &lt;em&gt;The Aeneid, &lt;/em&gt;recounts his adventures in the Homeric style, taking many elements from the epics &lt;em&gt;The Illiad&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;The Odyssey.&lt;/em&gt; Virgil's epic poem, written between&lt;span class="st"&gt; 29 and 19 BC&lt;/span&gt;E, is considered one of the greatest pieces of literature from antiquity.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Gift of James and Aneta McIntyre, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, Salem, OR. 2006.010.022</text>
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                <text>47-46 BCE</text>
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                <text>Hallie Ford Museum of Arts</text>
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                <text>0.685 in&#13;
0.125 oz</text>
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                <text>This item is on view at Hallie Ford Museum of Art, in the Mark and Janeth Sponenburgh Gallery.</text>
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                  <text>A guide to the ancient coins collection at the Hallie Ford Museum of Art.    </text>
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                  <text>Gifts of James and Aneta McIntyre&#13;
&#13;
Information about the coins was found in these resources:&#13;
&#13;
Cohen, Henry, René Cagnat, and James C. Egbert. Latin Epigraphy II: The Coin Inscriptions and Epigraphical Abbreviations of Imperial Rome. Chicago: Ares, 1978. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Hannestad, Niels. Roman Art and Imperial Policy. Århus C [Denmark: Aarhus UP, 1988. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Klawans, Zander H. An Outline of Ancient Greek Coins. Racine, WI: Whitman Pub., 1959. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Knorr, Ortwin. "Catalogue of the McIntyre Collection of Greek and Roman Coins." Classics: Ancient Coins in the HFMA. Willamette University, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, n.d. Web. 05 Aug. 2013. &lt;http://www.willamette.edu/cla/classics/resources/hfma/coins.html&gt;.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting II: Numismatic Art of the Greek World. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting III: The Roman World-politics and Propaganda. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sear, David R. Roman Coins and Their Values: The Millennium Edition. London: Spink, 2000. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Whitting, Philip D. Byzantine Coins. New York: Putnam, 1973. Print.</text>
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                  <text>Hallie Ford Museum of Art</text>
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                  <text>A selection of these coins are on view in the Mark and Janeth Sponenburgh Gallery at Hallie Ford Museum of Art.  </text>
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                <text>Thessalian League, Silver Drachma</text>
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                <text>Thessalian League (Roman Province of Macedonia), Larisa?, Silver Drachma, 168-100 BCE. &#13;
OBVERSE: Laureate head of Apollo facing right in profile, letter H left of neck.&#13;
REVERSE: Athena Itonia, advancing right with raised spear and shield. Inscription "QESSA-LWN" (Thessalon = of the Thessalians). Magistrate signature left and right of Athena's legs: "POLY". Most likely minted in Larisa.</text>
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                <text>The Thessalian League was a loose confederation of several Thessalian city-states. The largest city, Larisa, functioned as the seat of the league. The alliance existed even after the Roman province of Macedonia was founded in 146 BCE.&#13;
&#13;
Apollo probably represents the league's involvement with the Delphic Amphictyony, an organization that participated heavily in the management and upkeep of the Temple of Apollo and its oracle in Delphi. &#13;
&#13;
Athena Itonia graces the REVERSE of this coin, the patron goddess of the area. She is depicted as Athena Promachos (the Forefighter), advancing in full armor with spear and shield. The aegis, one of Athena’s identifying attributes, is the tasseled object shown around her neck. A hole was drilled into the coin in antiquity so it could be worn as an amulet or talisman on a necklace. </text>
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                <text>Gift of James and Aneta McIntyre, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, Salem, OR. 2006.010.023</text>
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                <text>ca. 168-100 BCE</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="5458">
                <text>Hallie Ford Museum of Art</text>
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                <text>1.880 cm&#13;
3.900 gr</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
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                <text>This item can be viewed on Hallie Ford Museum of Art's website.</text>
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                  <text>Gifts of James and Aneta McIntyre&#13;
&#13;
Information about the coins was found in these resources:&#13;
&#13;
Cohen, Henry, René Cagnat, and James C. Egbert. Latin Epigraphy II: The Coin Inscriptions and Epigraphical Abbreviations of Imperial Rome. Chicago: Ares, 1978. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Hannestad, Niels. Roman Art and Imperial Policy. Århus C [Denmark: Aarhus UP, 1988. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Klawans, Zander H. An Outline of Ancient Greek Coins. Racine, WI: Whitman Pub., 1959. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Knorr, Ortwin. "Catalogue of the McIntyre Collection of Greek and Roman Coins." Classics: Ancient Coins in the HFMA. Willamette University, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, n.d. Web. 05 Aug. 2013. &lt;http://www.willamette.edu/cla/classics/resources/hfma/coins.html&gt;.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting II: Numismatic Art of the Greek World. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting III: The Roman World-politics and Propaganda. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sear, David R. Roman Coins and Their Values: The Millennium Edition. London: Spink, 2000. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Whitting, Philip D. Byzantine Coins. New York: Putnam, 1973. Print.</text>
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                <text>Velia, Silver Drachm</text>
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                <text>Velia, Lucania (Italy), Silver Drachm, 535-510 BCE. OBVERSE: Forepart of a lion right with frontal head seen from above, tearing at a stag’s leg.&#13;
REVERSE: Incuse broken square without dividing lines. </text>
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                <text>Herodotus accounts the adventures of the Phocaians, a people from the area of Turkey who were displaced by the spread of the Persian kingdom. These people (Hist. 1. 167) settled in an area they named Hyele, on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea, around 538 BCE. It went through several changes of name: Hyele to Ele, to Elea and eventually settling on its Roman name Velia. &#13;
&#13;
The lion and incuse square resemble other coins found in the Aegean world, where the Phocaians had come from. The odd shape, rough design and incuse mark are all examples of early Greek coins.</text>
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                <text>Gift of James and Aneta McIntyre, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, Salem, OR. 2006.010.024</text>
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3.800 gr</text>
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                <text>This item can be viewed on Hallie Ford Museum of Art's website.</text>
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                  <text>Gifts of James and Aneta McIntyre&#13;
&#13;
Information about the coins was found in these resources:&#13;
&#13;
Cohen, Henry, René Cagnat, and James C. Egbert. Latin Epigraphy II: The Coin Inscriptions and Epigraphical Abbreviations of Imperial Rome. Chicago: Ares, 1978. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Hannestad, Niels. Roman Art and Imperial Policy. Århus C [Denmark: Aarhus UP, 1988. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Klawans, Zander H. An Outline of Ancient Greek Coins. Racine, WI: Whitman Pub., 1959. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Knorr, Ortwin. "Catalogue of the McIntyre Collection of Greek and Roman Coins." Classics: Ancient Coins in the HFMA. Willamette University, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, n.d. Web. 05 Aug. 2013. &lt;http://www.willamette.edu/cla/classics/resources/hfma/coins.html&gt;.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting II: Numismatic Art of the Greek World. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting III: The Roman World-politics and Propaganda. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sear, David R. Roman Coins and Their Values: The Millennium Edition. London: Spink, 2000. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Whitting, Philip D. Byzantine Coins. New York: Putnam, 1973. Print.</text>
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                <text>FAKE Persian Mithradates II, Silver Drachm</text>
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                <text>Replica of a silver drachm minted under Mithradates II in Parthia around 123-88 BCE showing Arsaces enthroned.</text>
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                <text>This coin, a fake replica of a coin minted under Mithradates II in Parthia around 123-188 BCE is one of many coins from the ancient world that have been counterfeited. </text>
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                <text>Gift of James and Aneta McIntyre, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, Salem, OR. 2006.010.025</text>
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                <text>Hallie Ford Museum of Arts</text>
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                <text>0.750 in&#13;
0.130 oz</text>
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                <text>This item can be viewed on Hallie Ford Museum of Art's website.</text>
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                  <text>Gifts of James and Aneta McIntyre&#13;
&#13;
Information about the coins was found in these resources:&#13;
&#13;
Cohen, Henry, René Cagnat, and James C. Egbert. Latin Epigraphy II: The Coin Inscriptions and Epigraphical Abbreviations of Imperial Rome. Chicago: Ares, 1978. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Hannestad, Niels. Roman Art and Imperial Policy. Århus C [Denmark: Aarhus UP, 1988. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Klawans, Zander H. An Outline of Ancient Greek Coins. Racine, WI: Whitman Pub., 1959. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Knorr, Ortwin. "Catalogue of the McIntyre Collection of Greek and Roman Coins." Classics: Ancient Coins in the HFMA. Willamette University, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, n.d. Web. 05 Aug. 2013. &lt;http://www.willamette.edu/cla/classics/resources/hfma/coins.html&gt;.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting II: Numismatic Art of the Greek World. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting III: The Roman World-politics and Propaganda. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sear, David R. Roman Coins and Their Values: The Millennium Edition. London: Spink, 2000. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Whitting, Philip D. Byzantine Coins. New York: Putnam, 1973. Print.</text>
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                  <text>Hallie Ford Museum of Art</text>
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                  <text>A selection of these coins are on view in the Mark and Janeth Sponenburgh Gallery at Hallie Ford Museum of Art.  </text>
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                <text>Aesernia, Bronze Coin</text>
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                <text>Aesernia, Samnii, Italy. AE 21  c. 263 - 240 BCE.&#13;
Obverse: Vulcan facing left with laureate pilos (conical felt hat with laurel wreath), a smith's iron tongs behind. Inscription VOLCANOM. &#13;
Reverse: Jupiter driving a biga (two-horsed chariot) to the right, hurling fulmen (lightning bolt); above, Victory flying to the right, holding a wreath. Inscription below AISERNINO.</text>
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                <text>Samnium was located between the silver minting Greek colonies of the south and the colonies of the north that favored bronze. This prime location meant that these middle cities-states did not mint their own coinage until relatively late, around 290 BCE, when Romans took control of the area. &#13;
&#13;
Aesernia (Isernia) was located near the start of the river Vulturnus. It was a town inhabited mostly by Samnites until 263 BCE when it became an official Roman colony. Roman military veterans were moved to the area as a way to keep the local population in check.&#13;
&#13;
Vulcan is an unusual choice for coin illustration and is not represented on many other ancient coins. This area, however, with its large amount of seismic activity, was a fitting place to honor the god of volcanoes. This iconography also suggests that ancient people realized the connection between seismic activity and volcanic eruptions as early as the third century BCE. </text>
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                <text>Gift of James and Aneta McIntyre, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, Salem, OR. 2006.010.026&#13;
</text>
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                <text>263 - 240 BCE</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Hallie Ford Museum of Arts</text>
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8.00 gr</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
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                <text>This item can be viewed on Hallie Ford Museum of Art's website.</text>
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                  <text>Gifts of James and Aneta McIntyre&#13;
&#13;
Information about the coins was found in these resources:&#13;
&#13;
Cohen, Henry, René Cagnat, and James C. Egbert. Latin Epigraphy II: The Coin Inscriptions and Epigraphical Abbreviations of Imperial Rome. Chicago: Ares, 1978. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Hannestad, Niels. Roman Art and Imperial Policy. Århus C [Denmark: Aarhus UP, 1988. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Klawans, Zander H. An Outline of Ancient Greek Coins. Racine, WI: Whitman Pub., 1959. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Knorr, Ortwin. "Catalogue of the McIntyre Collection of Greek and Roman Coins." Classics: Ancient Coins in the HFMA. Willamette University, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, n.d. Web. 05 Aug. 2013. &lt;http://www.willamette.edu/cla/classics/resources/hfma/coins.html&gt;.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting II: Numismatic Art of the Greek World. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting III: The Roman World-politics and Propaganda. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sear, David R. Roman Coins and Their Values: The Millennium Edition. London: Spink, 2000. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Whitting, Philip D. Byzantine Coins. New York: Putnam, 1973. Print.</text>
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                <text>Pergamon, Silver Cistophoric Tetradrachm</text>
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                <text>Mysia (Western Turkey): Pergamon (free city in Roman Asia), Silver Cistophoric Tetradrachm, ca. 92-88 BCE. &#13;
OBVERSE: Serpent emerging from cista mystica (basket), all surrounded by ivy wreath; design worn and off-center. &#13;
REVERSE: Two serpents entwined about bow-case decorated with aplustre (the curved stern of an ancient Greek or Roman ship), PERG monogram to left, DH above, thyrsos entwined by serpent on right.</text>
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                <text>The Attalid King Eumenes II of Pergamon first introduced the cistophori (basketbearers), the main denomination of coinage in Asia Minor for 300 years, around 166 BCE. The last Attalid king, Attalos III, died in 133 BCE, leaving his kingdom to the Roman Empire. At the same time, he declared in his last will that Pergamon, among other important cities of his kingdom, would be “free;” meaning they would not have to pay a Roman tribute fee. Pergamon and the other cities continued to mint cistophori to honor their former ruler. &#13;
&#13;
The cista mystica, shown on the obverse of this coin, is a woven basket that contains the sacred objects of a mystery cult. The worship of Dionysos was common in the east and this cista likely refers to his worship, which included a secret mystery cult. The legendary founder and first king of Pergamon was Telephos, the son of Herakles. The bow case (gorytos) on the reverse of this coin is likely a reference to this founding legend. </text>
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                <text>Gift of James and Aneta McIntyre, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, Salem, OR. 2006.010.027</text>
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                <text>133-67 BCE </text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Hallie Ford Museum of Arts</text>
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                <text>2.680 cm&#13;
12.400 gr</text>
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                <text>This item can be viewed on Hallie Ford Museum of Art's website.</text>
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                  <text>Gifts of James and Aneta McIntyre&#13;
&#13;
Information about the coins was found in these resources:&#13;
&#13;
Cohen, Henry, René Cagnat, and James C. Egbert. Latin Epigraphy II: The Coin Inscriptions and Epigraphical Abbreviations of Imperial Rome. Chicago: Ares, 1978. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Hannestad, Niels. Roman Art and Imperial Policy. Århus C [Denmark: Aarhus UP, 1988. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Klawans, Zander H. An Outline of Ancient Greek Coins. Racine, WI: Whitman Pub., 1959. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Knorr, Ortwin. "Catalogue of the McIntyre Collection of Greek and Roman Coins." Classics: Ancient Coins in the HFMA. Willamette University, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, n.d. Web. 05 Aug. 2013. &lt;http://www.willamette.edu/cla/classics/resources/hfma/coins.html&gt;.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting II: Numismatic Art of the Greek World. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting III: The Roman World-politics and Propaganda. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sear, David R. Roman Coins and Their Values: The Millennium Edition. London: Spink, 2000. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Whitting, Philip D. Byzantine Coins. New York: Putnam, 1973. Print.</text>
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                  <text>Early Greek- Medieval</text>
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              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                  <text>Hallie Ford Museum of Art</text>
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                  <text>A selection of these coins are on view in the Mark and Janeth Sponenburgh Gallery at Hallie Ford Museum of Art.  </text>
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                <text>Thurii, Lucania, Silver Stater</text>
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                <text>Thurii, Lucania (Italy). Silver Stater, ca. 400-350 BCE. &#13;
OBVERSE: Head of Athena, wearing a crested Attic helmet adorned with a Skylla who is shading her eyes. &#13;
REVERSE:  bull pawing the ground, facing right, head down. "THOUPIWN" (= Thurion, "of the Thurians") inscribed above. Mullet-fish swimming right in exergue.</text>
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                <text>The history of Thurii, one of the last Greek settled colonies, starts with the history of the colony Sybaris. Founded in 720 BCE, it was conquered by neighboring Croton in 510 BCE. After several unsuccessful attempts to re-occupy the city, Thurii was founded by the initiative of Perikles in 443 BCE near the remains of the old Sybaris. Home to the historian Herodotus and the sophist Protagoras of Abdera (who was commissioned to write the new city's code of law), Thurii quickly rose to rival its neighbor Tarentum. As a compromise, both cities together founded a new colony, Heraclea, in contested territory in 432 BCE.&#13;
&#13;
This coin bears Athena with a Scylla (part human, dog and snake) adorning her helmet. The Scylla may be a reference to Athena Skyletria or a symbol of prosperity that “looks out for loot.” The bull on the back was a common symbol on the coins of Sybaris. Since river gods were often represented with bull features, both the bull and the mullet, a fish that likes brackish water and was considered a delicacy, may be a reference to the nearby river Krathis.</text>
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                <text>Gift of James and Aneta McIntyre, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, Salem, OR. 2006.010.028</text>
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                <text>400-350 BCE</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="4199">
                <text>Hallie Ford Museum of Arts</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
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                <text>1.990 cm&#13;
7.500 gr</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>Greek </text>
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                <text>Coin</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
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                <text>This item is on view at the Hallie Ford Museum of Art, in the Mark and Janeth Sponenburgh Gallery.</text>
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                  <text>Ancient Coins at the Hallie Ford Museum of Art</text>
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                  <text>The entire collection of coins found at Hallie Ford Museum of Arts.</text>
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                  <text>A guide to the ancient coins collection at the Hallie Ford Museum of Art.    </text>
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              <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                  <text>Gifts of James and Aneta McIntyre&#13;
&#13;
Information about the coins was found in these resources:&#13;
&#13;
Cohen, Henry, René Cagnat, and James C. Egbert. Latin Epigraphy II: The Coin Inscriptions and Epigraphical Abbreviations of Imperial Rome. Chicago: Ares, 1978. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Hannestad, Niels. Roman Art and Imperial Policy. Århus C [Denmark: Aarhus UP, 1988. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Klawans, Zander H. An Outline of Ancient Greek Coins. Racine, WI: Whitman Pub., 1959. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Knorr, Ortwin. "Catalogue of the McIntyre Collection of Greek and Roman Coins." Classics: Ancient Coins in the HFMA. Willamette University, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, n.d. Web. 05 Aug. 2013. &lt;http://www.willamette.edu/cla/classics/resources/hfma/coins.html&gt;.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting II: Numismatic Art of the Greek World. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sayles, Wayne G. Ancient Coin Collecting III: The Roman World-politics and Propaganda. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Sear, David R. Roman Coins and Their Values: The Millennium Edition. London: Spink, 2000. Print.&#13;
&#13;
Whitting, Philip D. Byzantine Coins. New York: Putnam, 1973. Print.</text>
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              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="5524">
                  <text>Hallie Ford Museum of Art</text>
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                  <text>A selection of these coins are on view in the Mark and Janeth Sponenburgh Gallery at Hallie Ford Museum of Art.  </text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="4213">
                <text>Antioch-on-the-Orontes, Bronze Coin</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="4214">
                <text>Antioch-on-the-Orontes (autonomous city in Roman Syria), AE 19, 64-49 BCE. &#13;
OBVERSE: In dotted circle, Laureate head of bearded Zeus, in profile facing right. Inset in a circle of dots. &#13;
REVERSE: Enthroned Zeus Nikephoros, i.e., Zeus holding a winged Nike in his right hand, in his left a sceptre. Off-centered so that the right inscription (ANTIOXEWN THS) is missing; inscription left: (M)HTROPOL(EWS) (= Antiocheon tes metropoleos, "of the metropolis of the Antiocheans"). In left field next to leg: cornucopiae. Pompeian Era date in exergue off the flan.</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Antiochia-on-the-river-Orantes was fouded by Seleucus I Nicator in honor of his father Antiochus. The western Seleucid Empire used this city as its capital and its mint became one of the most important in the empire. Antioch was a very large city for the ancient world, at its peak reaching 500,000, making it the third largest city in the Roman Empire. &#13;
&#13;
When Pompey reorganized the Roman province of Syria in 64 BCE, Antioch became a free city because it had rebelled against the last Seleucid king, Antiochus XIII, and thus continued to mint its own coins. &#13;
&#13;
Zeus appears on both sides of the coin, a reference to the Seleucid history of the city, which often featured Zeus on its coinage and erected statues in his name. According to legend, the city was founded at the exact spot where an eagle, a symbol of the god, dropped a piece of sacrificial meat. </text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Gift of James and Aneta McIntyre, Hallie Ford Museum of Art, Salem, OR. 2006.010.029&#13;
</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="4217">
                <text>ca. 129-125 BCE</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Hallie Ford Museum of Art</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="4219">
                <text>1.940 cm&#13;
8.300 gr</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Coin</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="4221">
                <text>This item can be viewed on Hallie Ford Museum of Art's website.</text>
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